This text discusses how to stack optional types in TypeScript and where null and undefined fall short. It introduces the Optional Stacking problem, which arises when trying to handle optional properties with nested optionality. The article then presents a solution using the Option type from the functional programming library fp-ts, demonstrating how it can be used to model values that may or may not have a value. Finally, it encourages readers to explore and use features of fp-ts in their TypeScript code for improved safety and functionality.