Apache HBase and Cassandra are both NoSQL databases designed for handling large-scale, unstructured or semi-structured data. While they share some similarities, there are key differences between them in terms of architecture model, security features, read and write performance, and data models. HBase follows a primary-secondary architecture with strong consistency guarantees, making it suitable for applications requiring consistent reads and writes, such as financial systems or log analysis. Cassandra uses a peer-to-peer architecture with tunable consistency, offering high availability, fault tolerance, and scalability, which is ideal for real-time data applications like social media platforms or e-commerce systems. The choice between HBase and Cassandra depends on the specific use case and requirements of your business.