The text discusses three types of Kubernetes ingress: NodePorts, Load Balancers, and Ingress Controllers. NodePort opens a port on host machines for clients to access applications, while a Load Balancer creates a cloud provider's load balancer in front of nodes. An Ingress Controller is a proxy running in the cluster that provides a single entry point for all services. The text also differentiates between ingress resources and controllers, with an ingress resource being a standard configuration object for an ingress controller.