Organizations often rely on data to drive business decisions, but it's crucial to differentiate between meaningful metrics and vanity metrics that may falsely indicate success without actually contributing to business goals such as revenue growth or customer satisfaction. The article highlights the pitfalls of using inappropriate metrics, using Microsoft's Bing as an example, where searches per user session were initially used as a key performance indicator. This led to unintended consequences, as developers focused on increasing clicks rather than delivering effective search results. The concept of the "Cobra Effect" is introduced to illustrate how poorly chosen metrics can lead to perverse incentives and negative outcomes. To avoid such issues, the article emphasizes the importance of connecting metrics to tangible business outcomes and customer satisfaction, suggesting that metrics like Net Promoter Score (NPS) offer a more reliable gauge of success. Ultimately, the article argues that metrics should align with the goals of making money and solving customer problems, ensuring they drive the right behaviors and decisions within an organization.