Google Sheets functions are powerful tools that can perform various tasks beyond basic calculations, such as translating text into other languages, pulling in information from around the web, and cleaning up formatting. Functions like PROPER, UPPER, LOWER, GOOGLETRANSLATE, IMPORTRANGE, IMPORTHTML, IMPORTFEED, and GOOGLEFINANCE can be used to automate tasks, fix formatting issues, translate text, pull data from other spreadsheets or websites, and create mini charts. These functions can be used to streamline workflows, improve data accuracy, and add visual context to information, making Google Sheets a more powerful tool for spreadsheet users.