Non-human identities (NHIs) are digital credentials that allow devices, applications, and automated systems to operate independently, but they also create new security challenges. Only 15% of organizations feel confident in preventing attacks targeting NHIs, while 69% express concerns about these risks. NHIs are made up of machine identities, service accounts, API models, and more, and managing them is critical for securing machine-to-machine communication and automated processes. NHIs can introduce challenges and risks, such as lack of visibility, monitoring, and governance, risk of compromised credentials, increased high-risk attack surfaces, high volume of non-human identities within organizations, potential for lateral movement within networks, over-permissiveness, inadequate lifecycle management, gaps in traditional security, and increasingly higher requirements for encryption. To secure NHIs, it's essential to find and label them, analyze permissions for least privilege, assign human owners, ensure key rotation, monitor and audit activity in real time, conduct regular access reviews, create new NHIs to fit application needs, and automate your non-human identity security.