To write data to an Airtable base from a Twilio application, users can create a serverless function using Twilio Functions and the Airtable Node.js SDK. This function allows for rapid prototyping, maintenance flexibility, and seamless authentication with Airtable. The example code provided creates a new row in an "Input" table within the "Net Promoter Score" base, which contains fields for score, reason, and promoter/detractor calculations. Users can customize this code to fit their use case and add additional functionality such as updating or deleting records. Additionally, Twilio Studio provides a pre-built flow that automates the NPS survey process, allowing users to easily integrate Airtable with their Twilio app.