Kubernetes workloads provide a powerful way to manage containerized applications by handling the complexities of Pod lifecycle management. They include various types of resources such as Pods, Deployments, StatefulSets, DaemonSets, Jobs, and CronJobs, each serving different purposes for managing and scaling applications. Workloads are defined using declarative configurations, making it easy to manage and reproduce environments consistently across different stages of development and production. Security measures and best practices should be considered when securing Kubernetes workloads to minimize potential entry points for attackers and ensure optimal performance and resource efficiency.