Graph-based databases, such as Neo4j, offer a distinct approach to data storage and querying compared to traditional relational databases like RDBMS. By leveraging relationships between entities, graph databases enable efficient querying and retrieval of complex data structures, making them particularly useful for applications involving networks, social media, or hierarchical data. To get started with Neo4j, one can install and set up an instance, navigate its console, and learn the Cypher query language, which allows for flexible and powerful querying of graph-structured data. By understanding the strengths and limitations of graph databases compared to relational databases, developers can identify scenarios where a graph database is better suited to meet their specific needs, ultimately leading to more efficient and effective data management.