The Neo4j Query API is a new interface for querying Neo4j data through HTTP, designed to provide human readability, machine readability, streamability, and flexibility. The API supports two formats: `application/json` and `application/vnd.neo4j.query`, with the latter providing more complex interactions with results, including support for Neo4j types such as nodes, dates, and points. The new format adds a `type/value` pairing object to JSON, allowing for machine readability and streamability, while also enabling flexibility in handling new types. However, this format does not allow for pushing data into Neo4j using the same type system, requiring additional steps or parameterization of queries.