Chronograf can be securely configured with OAuth 2.0 in Microsoft Azure Active Directory for added user authentication and authorization, allowing users to access the application resource after entering their email and password on the Azure AD login screen. This configuration involves creating a new application within Azure AD, noting down metadata information such as APPLICATION-ID, TENANT-ID, and APPLICATION-KEY, registering a reply URL, and exporting environment variables for Chronograf, enabling user login with centralized security provided by Azure AD. By following these steps, users can securely access the Chronograf Web-UI while maintaining role access based on their Azure AD profile or default settings set by the administrator.