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Monitoring PostgreSQL database health requires tracking various key metrics beyond just PostgreSQL-specific statistics. The pg_stat_database view provides information on each database's activity, including connections, commits, and disk blocks read and shared buffer cache hits. The pg_stat_bgwriter view offers insights into the checkpoint process, which is crucial for determining load on the database while it updates or replicates files. Additionally, monitoring system resources such as CPU, network bandwidth, disk space/disk utilization, and RAM can provide a good indication of overall database health. Tracking variables like shared buffer usage, connections, and disk usage can also help identify potential issues with slower queries and application performance. By keeping an eye on read and write query throughput, reliability metrics, and system resource utilization, users can ensure their PostgreSQL databases are running efficiently and effectively.