The InfluxDB Go Client is a powerful tool for building applications with fast data fetching capabilities and easy binary deployment. To use the client, you need to install it by adding `github.com/influxdata/influxdb-client-go/v2` to your project dependencies and import the necessary packages. The client requires authorization parameters such as Bucket Name or ID, Token, and Org, which can be gathered from InfluxDB v2 UI or executed using influx commands. The client provides two write APIs: WriteAPIBlocking for synchronous, blocking writes and WriteAPI for asynchronous, non-blocking writes. It also has methods for writing time series data points and querying InfluxDB v2 server. The client is easy to get started with and provides various options for customization and control over the data fetching process.