EKS (Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service) is a managed Kubernetes platform that makes it easy to set up and operate Kubernetes clusters with minimal effort. While EKS does most of the heavy lifting, users still need to monitor their environment to identify potential problems in time to respond to them. Key aspects to monitor include cluster and node health, pod and container health, network and ingress monitoring, and configuring effective log retention. Amazon offers tools like CloudWatch for monitoring, as well as third-party solutions that provide a deeper level of performance and security monitoring. To get the most out of EKS monitoring, users should configure alerts based on their unique requirements, monitor both cluster infrastructure and workloads, and consider using eBPF to collect information efficiently and securely.