The text discusses five tax credits that startups in the United States can utilize to reduce expenses and drive innovation. These include the $250,000 R&D federal tax credit for businesses with revenue less than $5 million; the small business health care tax credit for employers offering health insurance to their employees; the startup tax credit for retirement plans that provides up to $5,000 annually for three years when a company-wide retirement plan is started; the CARES Act employee retention tax credit providing up to $7,000 per employee in 2021; and the work opportunity tax credit offering up to $9,600 per eligible employee. The text also mentions that there are over 1,000 federal, state, and local tax credits available for qualifying startups.