The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) manages memory allocation and deallocation dynamically, but it can encounter OutOfMemoryError exceptions when the application requires more memory than the JVM can allocate or if garbage collection leads to excessively long pauses. This post provides an overview of how the JVM handles heap memory with garbage collections and covers key metrics and logs that offer visibility into its memory management process. It also demonstrates correlating metrics, traces, and logs to investigate out-of-memory errors and set up alerts for monitoring memory-related issues using Datadog.