Installing Windows Server 2016 on a VirtualBox VM allows developers to test and deploy server-side applications, including Docker containers. A reliable internet connection is required for the initial download of the Windows 2016 Server Evaluation version, which is approximately 5GB in size. To set up the VM, users must create a new virtual machine using Virtual Box, allocating at least 30GB of dynamically allocated hard drive space to accommodate the operating system and Docker containers. The installation process involves downloading the ISO file, starting the VM, and completing the initial setup, including selecting the Desktop Experience version and entering an administrator password. Once installed, users can access the Server Manager Dashboard, install updates, and restart the VM. This setup enables developers to run Windows Server 2016 in a virtual environment, paving the way for future applications using Docker containers and Windows Containers.