The text discusses the introduction of vector search in Couchbase and how it allows users to store large vector arrays within their documents. This enables improved performance by keeping heavy data out of the primary query path. The concept of XATTRs (Extended Attributes) is introduced, which are part of a document's metadata that can be modified or changed without altering the document content. Users can leverage XATTRs to store vectors and other bulky content, reducing unnecessary data transfer. An example is provided where a hotel document structure includes a vectorized description used to find hotels with similar descriptions. The text explains how to index Couchbase XATTRs from version 7.6.2 onwards and provides details on how search will fetch all of the document content and the XATTRs content, combining them into a single document during indexing. It also highlights that there is an inherent restriction on the size of the XATTRs field name which is 12 characters. Additionally, it mentions that XATTRs are not limited to storing vectors and can be used for infrequently used fields or bulky fields.