The text discusses encryption technologies used daily without realizing it, such as transport-layer encryption and disk encryption. It introduces end-to-end encryption, which only allows the end-users to access their data. UtahFS is a proof-of-concept storage system built by Brendan McMillion while working on Cloudflare's Research Team. The system uses object storage for storing data and implements various security measures like confidentiality, integrity, and hiding access patterns using Merkle Trees and Path ORAM.