At Cloudflare's Edge servers, BPF (Berkeley Packet Filter) plays a crucial role in handling network traffic and ensuring optimal performance. The company uses BPF for various tasks such as DoS mitigation, load balancing, socket dispatch, and more. BPF is also used to improve applications by enabling TCP splicing with SOCKMAP and providing detailed metrics through the "ebpf_exporter" tool. Cloudflare continues to explore new ways of utilizing eBPF in their network infrastructure, as it offers a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional kernel modules.