White-labeling and matchmaking are prevalent in marketplaces, where companies introduce technologies to each other. This exchange of technology is particularly common in ecommerce platforms, which can be duplicated by other companies to launch their own marketplaces. A standard marketplace ecosystem can be copied and run separately, driving any marketplace that provides search, discovery, ordering, payment, and delivery features. White-labeling involves one business selling a generic version of its software to other businesses who then run the software on their own platforms with complete control over its components and configurations.