Data mesh is a decentralized data architecture that aims to eliminate the limitations of centralized systems by shifting ownership to individual domain teams. This approach results in faster decision-making, improved scalability, and enhanced data democratization. Key principles of data mesh include domain ownership, treating data as a product, self-serve data platforms, and federated governance. Companies that implement data mesh can experience up to a 30% reduction in time-to-insight, improving agility and competitiveness.