Hadoop is an open-source software framework that enables distributed storage and processing of large datasets across clusters of commodity hardware. It was inspired by Google's MapReduce and Google File System papers and has evolved into a robust ecosystem powering data-driven insights across industries. Hadoop's core components include the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), Yet Another Resource Negotiator (YARN), and MapReduce, which work together to provide a comprehensive framework for big data storage and processing. The distributed architecture allows organizations to store and analyze massive datasets efficiently and cost-effectively, making it suitable for large-scale data processing, batch processing, and unstructured data analysis. However, Hadoop may not be the best choice for real-time processing or small datasets due to its higher latency and overhead. Leading companies such as Walmart, JP Morgan, and LinkedIn have successfully implemented Hadoop to leverage big data analytics for customer recommendations, predictive analytics, social media analytics, and more. A data observability platform like Acceldata can enhance Hadoop's performance and scalability by providing solutions like ODP and Pulse, simplifying cluster management, speeding up root cause analysis, and automating correlation between configurations and resource usage.