Handling Incoming Phone Calls with Java and Twilio

Handling incoming phone calls with Java and Twilio requires configuring a URL in the Twilio console to handle HTTP requests triggered by incoming calls. The response to these webhook requests determines how the call is handled, using TwiML, an XML dialect that provides flexibility in handling the call. A simple "hello world" example uses Spring Boot to create an HTTP endpoint and returns plain text, while a more interactive setup uses TwiML to define what happens during the call, including speech recognition and keypad input. The application is connected to the internet using ngrok or the Twilio CLI, allowing it to be accessed by incoming calls. An interactive example demonstrates how to build a voice app with menu options and respond to user input, showcasing the possibilities of building engaging voice applications with Twilio and Java.